Feb. 4, 2025

Consider Me Convinced: Louis Braille

Consider Me Convinced: Louis Braille
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Have you ever embarked on a home improvement project only to find out that painting is not your forte? Well, you're not alone—we're in the same boat! Join us, Kate and Bradley, as we bumble through the joys and pitfalls of painting Kate's closet a bold teal. Though it left us feeling as sluggish as a tortoise on a lazy afternoon, the result was a vibrant splash of color that brightened her room and our moods. And for those wondering, yes, two wrongs don't make a right, but they do make for some colorful banter and big podcast energy!

On the flip side, we took a lighthearted trip down memory lane with a nod to the legendary film "The Ten Commandments," complete with jokes about baby Moses and epic treks through Egypt. Kate also takes a bold sip into the world of tequila seltzer cocktails, trying out a zero-carb, gluten-free strawberry margarita concoction that promises a new twist on refreshment. Curious how this cocktail stacks up or just in need of some good laughs? We've got your history and humor fix right here.

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Transcript
WEBVTT

00:00:16.076 --> 00:00:17.016
Oh, hey there.

00:00:17.702 --> 00:00:18.486
Oh, hey there.

00:00:19.442 --> 00:00:20.065
I am Kate.

00:00:20.361 --> 00:00:21.344
And I am Bradley.

00:00:21.660 --> 00:00:22.283
And we are the History Buffoons.

00:00:22.283 --> 00:00:22.765
Hello Kate, how are you?

00:00:22.765 --> 00:00:22.946
I'm good.

00:00:22.946 --> 00:00:23.187
How are you?

00:00:23.187 --> 00:00:23.769
Um, I'm a little tired.

00:00:23.789 --> 00:00:24.774
I am Bradley and we are the History Buffoons.

00:00:24.774 --> 00:00:25.336
Hello Kate, how are you?

00:00:25.336 --> 00:00:25.597
I'm good.

00:00:25.597 --> 00:00:25.879
How are you?

00:00:26.960 --> 00:00:28.225
I'm a little tired.

00:00:29.001 --> 00:00:30.606
I am as well I feel a little lazy.

00:00:30.606 --> 00:00:32.892
Yeah, I do as well, Sluggish.

00:00:32.892 --> 00:00:35.548
Sluggish is an understatement at this point, uh-huh.

00:00:35.548 --> 00:00:38.688
So we're going to turn it around with some Humor.

00:00:38.688 --> 00:00:40.893
Big podcast energy.

00:00:41.520 --> 00:00:44.566
Big podcast, energy, don't you think?

00:00:44.685 --> 00:00:48.171
yes, I mean so do you want to tell him why we're tired?

00:00:48.451 --> 00:00:53.106
so I have um coerced him into coerced.

00:00:54.590 --> 00:01:00.462
I mean, that is a perfect word for it uh, we are painting my closet we are.

00:01:00.462 --> 00:01:06.194
Yeah, I was easily coerced because you helped me paint the pot loft at my house.

00:01:06.194 --> 00:01:12.284
I don't like painting Same, but I said yes.

00:01:12.721 --> 00:01:14.426
Two wrongs don't make a right.

00:01:14.426 --> 00:01:15.971
But here we are.

00:01:15.971 --> 00:01:20.248
It's a cool teal color.

00:01:20.959 --> 00:01:22.204
I really like the color you picked.

00:01:22.204 --> 00:01:23.509
I think it looks awesome.

00:01:23.509 --> 00:01:29.650
It's kind of nice to have a little accent piece to your room, because you didn't have a lot of color on the walls.

00:01:29.650 --> 00:01:35.480
In terms of the paint color it was pretty neutral so it would be nice to have that nice pop of color.

00:01:35.480 --> 00:01:44.063
And yes, sometimes you have because it's a closet and you just use curtains, you don't use doors, and sometimes you have them closed.

00:01:44.063 --> 00:01:46.466
You won't see it as much, but so what, it's still going to be nice.

00:01:46.466 --> 00:01:50.293
So I think it'll be kind of nice, a little fresh spot to your room.

00:01:52.579 --> 00:01:54.587
But I mean, how long were we working on just the closet?

00:01:55.621 --> 00:01:58.286
It was a decent amount A couple hours.

00:01:58.659 --> 00:02:00.667
Was it a couple hours, I would say so.

00:02:00.968 --> 00:02:04.888
At least two Nah yeah close.

00:02:09.000 --> 00:02:09.723
I'd say a little under.

00:02:09.742 --> 00:02:11.209
This felt like longer, it felt like days.

00:02:11.209 --> 00:02:20.849
It's felt like moses walking through egypt or whatever but, uh, but no, it looks nice, I like it I recently watched.

00:02:20.930 --> 00:02:22.671
okay, recently, as in several months ago.

00:02:22.671 --> 00:02:26.604
Wow, I watched the Ten.

00:02:26.604 --> 00:02:27.348
Commandments.

00:02:27.348 --> 00:02:29.342
Yeah, and because it's so long.

00:02:29.342 --> 00:02:33.953
I literally tried watching it like 20 different times because I'm like all right, where did I leave off?

00:02:34.640 --> 00:02:36.487
It's very hard to do in one sitting.

00:02:36.707 --> 00:02:36.949
Yeah.

00:02:37.099 --> 00:02:40.069
And they always play it around Easter of course, because of that.

00:02:40.069 --> 00:02:42.367
So usually I'll watch it around that time.

00:02:42.508 --> 00:02:42.729
Yeah.

00:02:43.300 --> 00:02:49.712
And the last few years I've put it on, but I don't really pay as much attention.

00:02:49.993 --> 00:02:52.646
Yeah, it's very well done for how old it is.

00:02:52.646 --> 00:02:53.370
Well, yeah.

00:02:54.201 --> 00:03:00.849
I was there for filming, but were you one of the extras I might have been.

00:03:00.849 --> 00:03:04.582
I was baby Moses, but Ramesses Anyways, I'm going to interrupt this conversation.

00:03:04.582 --> 00:03:05.664
Moses, but Ramazes anyways.

00:03:06.806 --> 00:03:08.307
I'm going to interrupt this conversation.

00:03:08.628 --> 00:03:09.550
No, you're going to end it.

00:03:09.871 --> 00:03:12.914
And bring it around to what I'm drinking today.

00:03:12.914 --> 00:03:15.382
What are you drinking today?

00:03:15.382 --> 00:03:20.252
It is something very different than what I would normally choose.

00:03:22.044 --> 00:03:25.704
I was against this for you, I, I, I was against this for you.

00:03:25.704 --> 00:03:27.868
Uh, but to each their own.

00:03:27.868 --> 00:03:31.257
I mean, because didn't you say, someone suggested you try it too?

00:03:31.598 --> 00:03:31.858
yes.

00:03:31.858 --> 00:03:42.225
Um, so this, I have a co-worker and she is a white claw fan, that kind of stuff, and uh, I said, well, I've never tried it.

00:03:42.225 --> 00:03:43.689
She goes carbless is better.

00:03:43.689 --> 00:03:45.093
Right in my opinion.

00:03:45.093 --> 00:03:49.127
So I was like, okay, I'll try carbless, so that's what I have.

00:03:49.127 --> 00:03:54.122
Um, it is a tequila cocktail and it is in the flavor strawberry margarita.

00:03:54.122 --> 00:04:04.027
Five percent alcohol, zero carbs, zero sugars, 100 calories and gluten-free, which is why she can drink it, because she actually has celiacs, that's right.

00:04:04.027 --> 00:04:15.485
And um, it just says best served chilled or over ice, and in mind is most definitely chilled canden des moines des moines.

00:04:16.908 --> 00:04:23.684
Well, I know what no, des moines it's right past illinois's what are you drinking?

00:04:24.505 --> 00:04:27.865
kate's having a delicious carbless that she can't stop talking about.

00:04:27.865 --> 00:04:34.646
I am having a beer from young blood beer company from madison, wisconsin, called heelys and jorts.

00:04:34.646 --> 00:04:36.170
I don't know what the fuck heelys are.

00:04:36.170 --> 00:04:44.271
I know what jorts are jeans shorts, jean shorts, yeah it's like jeggings, like like jean leggings no.

00:04:44.271 --> 00:04:44.692
I know.

00:04:44.692 --> 00:04:45.973
I said I know what shorts are.

00:04:45.973 --> 00:04:47.605
I don't know what Heelys are.

00:04:48.161 --> 00:04:49.264
I don't know what Heelys are.

00:04:49.285 --> 00:04:49.827
All right, all right.

00:04:49.827 --> 00:04:55.250
So I have a Hazy India Pale Ale with Lemon Drop Mosaic and.

00:04:55.250 --> 00:04:57.454
Wakatou, wakatou.

00:04:57.454 --> 00:05:03.485
It's 6.5%, so We'll see if Bill made a good beer.

00:05:03.485 --> 00:05:05.507
Don't fuck it up, bill.

00:05:05.507 --> 00:05:07.350
I used to work with Bill.

00:05:07.851 --> 00:05:08.754
You said that yeah.

00:05:10.545 --> 00:05:16.305
So Cheers, yeah, drink yours too.

00:05:16.305 --> 00:05:18.428
It's bad etiquette not to cheer someone a drink.

00:05:18.629 --> 00:05:19.750
It tastes like cleaning fluid.

00:05:20.190 --> 00:05:20.891
Oddly enough, so does.

00:05:20.891 --> 00:05:22.675
I'm just kidding.

00:05:22.675 --> 00:05:23.175
No, it's not bad.

00:05:23.175 --> 00:05:26.990
You can definitely taste the lemon drop in it.

00:05:28.762 --> 00:05:35.033
So I don't really have a question for you today, because I kind of forgot to formulate one oh shoot.

00:05:35.033 --> 00:05:36.495
However, yes.

00:05:36.495 --> 00:05:51.911
Have you ever, like, gone onto an elevator, or you're waiting for an elevator, or you're standing outside like a big classroom door and you see braille on the walls and you like run your fingers over it.

00:05:51.911 --> 00:05:52.853
Do you ever do that?

00:05:52.853 --> 00:06:02.423
I mean, I probably have in my life, yeah, yeah I've done it a couple times just to like technically feel I'm pretty sure you probably did it a couple times today.

00:06:06.047 --> 00:06:08.588
Well, we're going to talk about the history of Braille.

00:06:08.588 --> 00:06:10.110
Oh, there you go, yeah.

00:06:10.790 --> 00:06:13.413
There was a baseball team that had Braille on their jersey.

00:06:13.413 --> 00:06:19.427
I didn't understand that, because it's not like they let the blind people come up and touch them out of the field.

00:06:19.427 --> 00:06:21.300
That is odd.

00:06:21.300 --> 00:06:22.560
I don't remember what team it was.

00:06:23.615 --> 00:06:24.838
Yeah, it's a very visual.

00:06:25.701 --> 00:06:26.182
A little bit.

00:06:26.502 --> 00:06:28.206
Yeah, interesting.

00:06:28.326 --> 00:06:30.680
Yeah, I mean I get where they're going with it.

00:06:31.122 --> 00:06:32.004
Inclusivity.

00:06:32.504 --> 00:06:38.622
Well, whatever, supporting those people, but, yeah, I always liked the drive up ATMs with Braille on it.

00:06:38.622 --> 00:06:39.346
It's like, yeah, those those people.

00:06:39.346 --> 00:06:43.000
But yeah, I always like the the drive up atms with braille on it it's like why are those people driving?

00:06:43.000 --> 00:06:46.190
Makes me nervous, I get it.

00:06:46.190 --> 00:06:48.418
It could also be just somewhat impaired.

00:06:48.418 --> 00:06:59.728
It's not just blind yeah I understand, but just your first thought is like those people should not be driving cars anyways um well, we are going to start with Valen.

00:07:00.937 --> 00:07:04.031
Okay, so this is all French names, oh dear.

00:07:04.031 --> 00:07:13.235
So my apologies, I took Spanish and German and I'm still working on English, clearly Okay.

00:07:13.235 --> 00:07:16.601
So we're going to start first with Valentin.

00:07:16.601 --> 00:07:19.927
Ahui, ahui, ahui, ahui, we're going to hell.

00:07:20.067 --> 00:07:21.168
Are we, though, Um Valentin?

00:07:21.329 --> 00:07:22.752
Ahoui Ahoui, ahoui Ahoui.

00:07:22.791 --> 00:07:23.012
Ahoui.

00:07:23.033 --> 00:07:24.435
We're going to hell, Are we though?

00:07:24.435 --> 00:07:28.584
He was born November 13th 1745 in France.

00:07:28.826 --> 00:07:29.086
Wow.

00:07:29.146 --> 00:07:36.019
Okay, I'm not even going to tell you what the name of the town was, because we don't need to, like make your ears bleed.

00:07:36.415 --> 00:07:37.762
Was that not part of your research?

00:07:38.095 --> 00:07:43.021
It was, but I deleted it oh dear so I don't have to make your ears bleed?

00:07:43.060 --> 00:07:44.365
is it because you couldn't pronounce it?

00:07:48.242 --> 00:07:49.625
there's a couple of times I did that.

00:07:49.625 --> 00:07:51.696
I was like I don't know how to say that I'm gonna get rid of it.

00:07:51.696 --> 00:08:08.137
No one will ever know have you ever done that when you're like trying to spell something, you're like I don't know how to spell it and you don't have a spell trick or whatever, so you just like erase it and come up with a different word I've done that before, where, like I literally will pull up something and I'll I'll type it in like two or three times.

00:08:08.156 --> 00:08:09.319
Like fuck it, I need a new word.

00:08:09.319 --> 00:08:10.002
Yep, yeah.

00:08:10.023 --> 00:08:17.283
So I've totally done that before so all we was born into a family of weavers.

00:08:18.706 --> 00:08:22.701
That's fitting oh weaver.

00:08:24.894 --> 00:08:28.286
His father was a loom operator who also served as a bell ringer at a local abbey.

00:08:28.555 --> 00:08:33.946
For some reason that just made me think of the song Smooth Operator, Loom Operator.

00:08:33.946 --> 00:08:34.708
All right, anyways.

00:08:35.456 --> 00:08:43.129
So the abbey monks provided Alwi with an education and nurtured his linguistic talents.

00:08:43.129 --> 00:08:50.301
Okay, he became proficient in 10 languages Holy shit, including ancient Greek and Hebrew.

00:08:50.682 --> 00:08:53.006
Wow, yeah, I can barely speak one, I know.

00:08:53.128 --> 00:08:59.746
Same, in 1783, he achieved the prestigious position of interpreter to the king.

00:08:59.746 --> 00:09:04.837
Oh wow, louis XVI Jesus.

00:09:04.957 --> 00:09:07.480
Christ, Hold please, while I count.

00:09:07.480 --> 00:09:10.720
What the hell.

00:09:13.215 --> 00:09:14.400
Interpreter of the king.

00:09:14.400 --> 00:09:22.452
So Alvete dedicated his to assisting the blind starting in 1771.

00:09:22.452 --> 00:09:24.822
So it was kind of a chance encounter.

00:09:24.822 --> 00:09:33.149
He was dining at a cafe in Paris and he witnessed a group of blind individuals who came from a hospice.

00:09:33.149 --> 00:09:37.692
So I'm not sure of their age, but hospice was the term that was used.

00:09:37.854 --> 00:09:38.075
Okay.

00:09:38.075 --> 00:09:51.323
Um but uh, they were actually being mocked during a street festival that was going on so people saw them, they were making fun, yeah, and he noticed this and was like yes, yeah, so their humiliating.

00:09:51.504 --> 00:09:57.702
Their humiliation included like wearing dunce caps and oversized glasses, and it really affected all we.

00:09:57.702 --> 00:10:16.855
So in in may 1784, all we met a young boy who was begging on the streets, and he decided to teach the boy how to read and write okay and he came up with a special way to do this, by using raised letters yeah so like literally the letter a, but like raised.

00:10:17.518 --> 00:10:18.860
So makes sense yeah.

00:10:19.522 --> 00:10:25.621
So the kid learned pretty quickly and all we was um excited and he wrote about it in the newspaper.

00:10:25.621 --> 00:10:39.826
He got support from um different academies and, with the help of some additional people, we started a school for blind children in february 1785 so that that beggar kid was blind.

00:10:39.885 --> 00:10:41.229
Yeah, oh, I gotcha Okay.

00:10:41.796 --> 00:10:48.542
So the school was built on the idea of helping blind people learn a trade like spinning or printing.

00:10:48.682 --> 00:10:48.884
Sure.

00:10:49.657 --> 00:10:55.083
But they also taught them how to read and write the best that they could with the tools that they had.

00:10:55.754 --> 00:10:57.500
And their disability, if you will, okay.

00:10:59.037 --> 00:11:04.841
So, and King Louis 16th also supported the school and he and it then became a royal institution.

00:11:04.841 --> 00:11:06.304
Oh, wow, yeah, nice.

00:11:06.304 --> 00:11:17.926
So during the french revolution, um, the government took over the school in 1791 and it was moved to an old monastery and became known as the national institute for Blind Workers.

00:11:17.926 --> 00:11:33.989
Wow, and Aloui was involved in politics and he worked as a secretary during the French Revolution and he served as a government official and he was actually arrested several times because of his involvement in these politics.

00:11:34.289 --> 00:11:34.692
Oh really.

00:11:34.933 --> 00:11:36.576
Yeah, he was later also accused of being a terrorist what yeah?

00:11:36.576 --> 00:11:37.557
And he lost his job at the School for the Blind.

00:11:37.557 --> 00:11:40.239
Yeah, he was later also accused of being a terrorist what yeah?

00:11:40.239 --> 00:11:42.841
And he lost his job at the school for the blind.

00:11:43.261 --> 00:11:45.823
So what were the allegations for him?

00:11:45.823 --> 00:11:47.025
Being a terrorist.

00:11:47.926 --> 00:12:04.605
So always, primary focus was on education and improving the lives of the blind and there's actually no reason to suggest that he was violent in in any way or even participated right in revolutionary like activities.

00:12:04.605 --> 00:12:08.294
Sure, but um so like it wouldn't warrant that label of like terrorism.

00:12:08.294 --> 00:12:13.565
But it was likely only politically motivated to just discredit him.

00:12:13.725 --> 00:12:25.427
That's too bad yeah so, um, despite this setback, he opened his own private school and he traveled to Russia and opened up a school there at the request of the Russian Emperor Alexander.

00:12:25.427 --> 00:12:26.831
I, oh, wow, yeah.

00:12:26.831 --> 00:12:35.474
So Alwi returned to Paris in 1817 and lived with his brother and he died March 19, 1822, at 76 years old in Paris.

00:12:35.474 --> 00:12:42.368
All right, so he's like the very beginning of braille, okay so by doing the raised letters.

00:12:42.408 --> 00:12:44.437
So that's where it started.

00:12:44.437 --> 00:12:47.684
And then someone yes, adapt yeah, adapted.

00:12:47.725 --> 00:12:57.624
Yeah, let's find out yes, so next we're going to talk about francois barbier barbier it looks like barbier, like b-a-r-b-i-e-r.

00:12:57.624 --> 00:13:00.326
Okay, but it's pronounced bobby.

00:13:00.488 --> 00:13:06.923
A well, clearly, yeah so he was born, know that may 18th, 1767.

00:13:06.942 --> 00:13:12.860
okay, he was also born in france, coincidence, um.

00:13:12.860 --> 00:13:22.171
He served as a soldier in the french army for several years, okay, and he was an artillery officer alongside Napoleon Bonaparte.

00:13:22.410 --> 00:13:22.711
Oh, wow.

00:13:22.977 --> 00:13:26.803
And Barbier witnessed a lot of the horrors of war firsthand.

00:13:27.196 --> 00:13:28.301
Well, I would imagine.

00:13:28.301 --> 00:13:28.501
So.

00:13:28.936 --> 00:13:33.480
So a lot of what he saw was happening at night.

00:13:34.001 --> 00:13:34.283
Okay.

00:13:35.515 --> 00:13:51.451
And what was happening is soldiers would have to read and write their orders in the dark, so they would light candlelight, which is a very bright beacon for snipers.

00:13:52.054 --> 00:13:57.634
Yeah, I mean they didn't really have sniper rifles back then, but they still could find you and shoot you.

00:13:57.695 --> 00:14:04.583
Yeah so he came up with an interesting idea to help combat those deaths.

00:14:05.164 --> 00:14:05.547
Okay.

00:14:05.995 --> 00:14:07.259
He called it knight writing.

00:14:07.721 --> 00:14:08.524
Knight writing.

00:14:08.754 --> 00:14:10.160
And he used it on the battlefield.

00:14:10.381 --> 00:14:10.522
Okay.

00:14:11.115 --> 00:14:19.083
So he basically used a grid to represent the letters and the grid is like a five by five, so five rows by five columns.

00:14:19.264 --> 00:14:19.504
Okay.

00:14:19.975 --> 00:14:27.269
And each letter had its own unique position on the grid makes sense and you could figure out the letter by its grid coordinates.

00:14:27.269 --> 00:14:32.318
So the row number and the column number so it's like all a bad battleship, right?

00:14:32.318 --> 00:14:44.631
Yeah, yeah, like9 sunk you sunk my word take a shot take a shot uh, yeah, no, that makes sense.

00:14:44.631 --> 00:14:49.144
I mean because so they would have to like memorize the columns for sure.

00:14:49.285 --> 00:15:03.306
Yeah, that's a good way to do it, though and I heard that w is very rarely used okay so that wasn't even on the grid well, that would make sense, because they only had five by five, which is 25 if memory serves me right.

00:15:03.306 --> 00:15:09.325
That's not the how many letters are in the alphabet, so so is it also because w starts with a d?

00:15:12.399 --> 00:15:18.543
so he got even more creative by assigning different symbols to represent each number, sure.

00:15:18.543 --> 00:15:21.136
And then he started experimenting with dots.

00:15:21.136 --> 00:15:38.960
So imagine pressing dots into a paper with like an all right um, and that's how they would write essentially and barbie a specifically designed this for blind people to read by the touch of the the impression, the impression yeah the breakage of the paper Right.

00:15:38.960 --> 00:15:48.491
So he also came up with a way to represent letters using finger positions, kind of like sign language but for letters, gotcha.

00:15:49.034 --> 00:15:57.107
So Barbier was pretty excited about his invention and wrote to the school for blind children in Paris to tell them about it Always school.

00:15:57.509 --> 00:15:58.110
Oh, there you go.

00:15:59.215 --> 00:16:02.317
Unfortunately, the director of that school at the time wasn't interested.

00:16:02.317 --> 00:16:12.101
Oh, that's sad but a new director took over in 1821 and his name was alexandra renee pinier and he was.

00:16:12.101 --> 00:16:21.955
He was open to new ideas and he had a student try out barbie's method and then they showed it to the other students and the school board and it was a huge success.

00:16:22.195 --> 00:16:29.349
Well, yeah, because I mean look how much easier that probably had to be for them to be able to figure that out.

00:16:29.528 --> 00:16:29.708
Yeah.

00:16:29.708 --> 00:16:35.230
So the students who already knew the alphabet quickly picked up Barbier's grid system.

00:16:35.230 --> 00:16:43.509
Okay, and then, even though Barbier preferred using sounds instead of letters, the students found it helpful that the grid was made with the regular alphabet.

00:16:43.509 --> 00:16:52.369
Sure, so before Barbier's method, the students used books with the raised letters and they were really hard to read and they took up a ton of space.

00:16:52.528 --> 00:16:52.769
I bet.

00:16:53.556 --> 00:16:58.813
And then they couldn't quite write for other blind people to read.

00:16:59.014 --> 00:16:59.215
Okay.

00:16:59.576 --> 00:17:04.337
So with Barbier's system they could take notes in class and easily read them later.

00:17:04.699 --> 00:17:12.084
So barbie system wasn't perfect well, of course there's gonna be some learning curve so it didn't have symbols for punctuation or numbers.

00:17:12.265 --> 00:17:16.421
Oh, I suppose yeah, and you couldn't tell the difference between uppercase and lowercase letters.

00:17:16.421 --> 00:17:20.749
Okay, um, and it couldn't be used for music yet how come?

00:17:20.749 --> 00:17:34.143
Because it's he didn't create the grid to have musical notes in it okay did I convince you um, consider me convinced.

00:17:34.222 --> 00:17:35.765
Okay, great okay um.

00:17:35.865 --> 00:17:56.374
So it was a really big first step, and it showed that blind people could be, could read, based on these raised dots that represented a code, right, sure so, and it was easy to use the tools that Barbie 8 invented, and then he donated a lot of his sets to the schools over the years.

00:17:56.453 --> 00:17:56.634
Okay.

00:17:57.057 --> 00:18:04.487
But it was essentially like a tablet with an awl Right and they would like poke holes into a tablet with an all right and they would like poke holes into the tablet because that's how they wrote, right, yeah right.

00:18:04.487 --> 00:18:11.967
So barbie spent the rest of his life trying to promote his ideas um for easier ways to learn to read and write.

00:18:11.967 --> 00:18:27.905
He wrote books and tried to get um his simplified writing systems, into schools for young like younger children, but they weren't very successful okay so he died on april 22nd 1841 at 73 years old in paris oh, wow

00:18:28.647 --> 00:18:32.923
then enter braille lewis braille is that where they got the?

00:18:32.923 --> 00:18:38.823
Lewis I knew it was named after yes, a person.

00:18:38.982 --> 00:18:42.729
yes, yes, so Louis Braille was born in France.

00:18:43.930 --> 00:18:46.301
Weird, I did not see that coming.

00:18:46.595 --> 00:18:48.038
It's like Couvray, couvray.

00:18:48.721 --> 00:18:49.262
Couvray.

00:18:49.303 --> 00:18:52.634
France In 1809.

00:18:52.634 --> 00:18:54.141
And it's about 20 miles from Paris.

00:18:54.141 --> 00:18:57.576
Okay, so he was the youngest of four children, oh dear.

00:18:57.576 --> 00:18:59.959
He was the youngest of four children, oh dear.

00:18:59.959 --> 00:19:05.104
His father was a successful leather and maker of horse tack.

00:19:05.104 --> 00:19:07.345
Okay, sure you know what horse tack is.

00:19:07.465 --> 00:19:16.796
I do Tell me Horse tack is basically just all the stuff you use for a horse, a bridle, the reins, bits, bits.

00:19:16.796 --> 00:19:19.340
Even the saddle technically is considered tack.

00:19:19.340 --> 00:19:20.343
Yeah yeah, I used technically is considered tack.

00:19:20.343 --> 00:19:21.525
Yeah yeah, I used to have a horse.

00:19:21.705 --> 00:19:23.996
Yeah, so he made all of that Nice.

00:19:23.996 --> 00:19:37.386
And when Braille was just three years old, his parents were making saddles in their workshop and little Louie was curious and he grabbed an awl and accidentally poked himself in the eye.

00:19:37.386 --> 00:19:49.455
Oh shit, ouch, really, yeah, it's's like I wonder what this does I think he was like trying to push the all through a piece of leather and he was like too close.

00:19:49.496 --> 00:20:01.846
He was three and it basically ricocheted, if you will, yeah, yeah, so that sucks yeah um, so one eye got infected and then the other guy got infected oh, really.

00:20:01.846 --> 00:20:03.357
So, even though he poked himself in one eye.

00:20:03.357 --> 00:20:07.087
Both eyes, yeah, holy shit yeah it traveled to his other eye.

00:20:07.128 --> 00:20:08.298
Oh, and his.

00:20:08.298 --> 00:20:12.294
His parents were pretty on top of like getting him to the doctor etc.

00:20:12.294 --> 00:20:15.282
But by the time he was five he was completely blind.

00:20:15.282 --> 00:20:16.487
Oh, that's too bad, yeah.

00:20:16.487 --> 00:20:24.380
So lewis didn't really understand that he couldn't see okay, but he did often ask his parents why it was always dark.

00:20:24.380 --> 00:20:31.584
Oh yeah, that's weird, yeah, so poor kid but his parents did like everything they could to raise him like any other child.

00:20:31.744 --> 00:20:34.359
Well, which is, I think, the right way to do it, because otherwise he's.

00:20:34.359 --> 00:20:40.925
I mean yeah, you have a disability now, but don't want to treat them any different kind of thing, so that's good.

00:20:41.154 --> 00:20:43.123
So they encouraged him to explore.

00:20:43.123 --> 00:20:45.683
They would give him special canes that his father would make.

00:20:45.683 --> 00:20:54.531
They would go around the village and the countryside and Louis seemed to accept his blindness and he actually grew into a really happy, bright kid, Good.

00:20:54.531 --> 00:21:01.173
So his teachers and the local priests were impressed by how smart and imaginative he was.

00:21:01.374 --> 00:21:01.474
Okay.

00:21:02.016 --> 00:21:05.924
And they made sure that he got a chance to like continue his education.

00:21:06.066 --> 00:21:13.960
See, that's nice, because a lot of people, especially the timing that he's growing up here, would just be like, well, you're useless, yeah, and just give up on you.

00:21:14.835 --> 00:21:27.452
So, because of his intelligence, braille was permitted to attend one of the first schools for blind children in the world, the Royal Institute for Blind Youth, which is now named the National Institute for Blind Youth in Paris.

00:21:27.952 --> 00:21:28.213
Oh nice.

00:21:28.575 --> 00:21:32.404
And the children learned to read using Always system.

00:21:32.566 --> 00:21:33.287
There you go, okay.

00:21:33.974 --> 00:21:42.210
So Louis benefited from Always books, but he soon realized they weren't quite enough okay um.

00:21:42.230 --> 00:21:49.200
The books were bulky, limited, holding very little information is it because they were so bulky, you just couldn't put a lot in it?

00:21:49.200 --> 00:21:50.104
Yeah, all right.

00:21:50.163 --> 00:21:53.395
Yeah makes sense um, and it was a time consuming process.

00:21:53.395 --> 00:21:55.539
Sure, I bet it was so.

00:21:55.539 --> 00:22:00.008
The those raised letters were created by pressing wet paper against copper wires.

00:22:00.429 --> 00:22:00.730
Okay.

00:22:01.855 --> 00:22:07.005
And it was a technique that made it kind of impossible for blind children to write.

00:22:07.665 --> 00:22:09.829
Well, yeah, using that system For sure.

00:22:10.454 --> 00:22:16.729
So to help Louis stay in touch with his family, his father made him an alphabet using thick pieces of leather.

00:22:16.729 --> 00:22:24.145
It was a slow and awkward thing to try to do, but it allowed Lewis to trace letters and begin his own messages.

00:22:24.145 --> 00:22:28.423
Oh, that's good, so it was all like cut out and he would just trace the letters Sure.

00:22:29.226 --> 00:22:54.409
So um handmate books by all we were pretty heavy and awkward for children, um, they were difficult to make, um easily damaged, expensive and all we school when they, when it first opened, they only had three books in braille really yeah so, despite this, all we was super passionate um and he believed in educators would embrace it.

00:22:54.409 --> 00:23:00.445
At the time, however, lewis and the other children quickly realized that serious limitations going on here.

00:23:00.486 --> 00:23:06.925
Yeah, I mean it's a good idea, the thoughts there, but not good execution.

00:23:06.925 --> 00:23:07.907
Yeah, we'll just say that.

00:23:08.028 --> 00:23:19.624
Yeah, so Braille was a really good student and he read all these books carefully and paid close attention to his teachers and he became like their top student.

00:23:19.624 --> 00:23:25.921
He paid close attention to his teachers and he became like their top student and once he finished the program they actually asked him to start teaching at the school.

00:23:25.921 --> 00:23:27.462
Oh really, yeah.

00:23:27.643 --> 00:23:30.005
How old were you then, like, when you finished the program?

00:23:30.346 --> 00:23:35.391
So I think he was in his 30s, like 20s or 30s, something like that.

00:23:35.391 --> 00:23:44.451
Oh wow, let's see, he was born in nine and he became a professor in 33.

00:23:45.093 --> 00:23:47.278
Oh, so, so he's only 24 twenties yeah.

00:23:47.278 --> 00:23:48.800
Jeez, that's impressive yeah.

00:23:49.221 --> 00:23:54.586
So he spent most of his teaching life teaching history, geometry and algebra at that Institute.

00:23:54.807 --> 00:23:55.067
Okay.

00:23:55.509 --> 00:23:57.075
So Braille was also a musician.

00:23:57.075 --> 00:23:58.635
He played cello and organ.

00:23:58.955 --> 00:23:59.257
Oh nice.

00:23:59.336 --> 00:24:05.121
Yeah, and later in life he also played organ at a couple of churches all over France.

00:24:05.141 --> 00:24:05.500
Oh really.

00:24:05.981 --> 00:24:06.201
Mm-hmm, nice.

00:24:06.201 --> 00:24:13.267
So in 1821, louis Braille learned about Barbier's way of communicating.

00:24:13.267 --> 00:24:21.733
Yeah, and that's when the raised dots kind of came into play and inspired Braille to create his own system.

00:24:21.733 --> 00:24:28.567
Okay, so Braille was really determined to create a system where blind and sighted people could easily communicate with each other.

00:24:28.914 --> 00:24:41.258
Because, sighted people can see the dots the raised dots, like we were just talking about Right, right we were just talking about right right.

00:24:41.278 --> 00:24:48.522
So he believed that being able to communicate meant having access to knowledge, which was absolutely crucial for blind individuals well, yeah, because otherwise they're pretty left out of the picture.

00:24:48.603 --> 00:24:56.182
Yeah, so so he said, if we can't communicate freely, people will continue to look down on us or treat us like we're helpless.

00:24:56.182 --> 00:24:57.685
We don't need pity.

00:24:57.685 --> 00:25:00.135
We don't want people to constantly remind us that we're different.

00:25:00.135 --> 00:25:00.355
We don't need pity.

00:25:00.355 --> 00:25:01.255
We don't want people to constantly remind us that we're different.

00:25:01.255 --> 00:25:06.744
We deserve to be treated as equals, and communication is the key to making all that happen.

00:25:06.744 --> 00:25:11.682
So Braille improved Barbier's system by making it simpler and more efficient.

00:25:11.682 --> 00:25:18.124
He made each letter use the same number of dots and reduced the total number of dots to six.

00:25:19.455 --> 00:25:23.396
So the biggest letter has six is what you're saying or not?

00:25:23.396 --> 00:25:26.846
The biggest letter, but the most within a letter is six.

00:25:26.925 --> 00:25:32.512
Okay, yes, so his first version used both dots and dashes.

00:25:32.794 --> 00:25:33.035
Oh really.

00:25:33.516 --> 00:25:37.125
But he later removed the dashes because they were a little bit too hard to read.

00:25:37.385 --> 00:25:37.646
Okay.

00:25:39.215 --> 00:25:50.506
And Braille's smaller cells, because it's no longer a five by five grid Now it's only six, so it can easily be felt with a single, like a finger pad.

00:25:50.865 --> 00:25:51.326
Sure, you know.

00:25:52.308 --> 00:25:52.388
Um.

00:25:52.388 --> 00:25:58.461
So Braille used the same tools that Barbie a had donated to the school like the tablet and the all.

00:25:58.461 --> 00:26:02.603
Um, and he started creating his own system of raised dots.

00:26:02.864 --> 00:26:03.163
Okay.

00:26:03.665 --> 00:26:12.796
So um Braille system quickly expanded to also include music so how did he include music with that?

00:26:12.796 --> 00:26:13.998
That was not part of my research.

00:26:14.258 --> 00:26:44.757
Oh seriously, no oh dear it was a new musical code good thing you're talking to a musician so now we have dr alexandra francois renee pinier okay, okay he was the head of the school yeah and he supported braille system right, okay so he started teaching the the whole like student population this um.

00:26:44.757 --> 00:26:51.047
But then a new teacher named pierre Armand Dufault took over and he didn't like Braille system.

00:26:51.047 --> 00:26:51.567
Why?

00:26:51.567 --> 00:26:52.730
Because he's a dick.

00:26:53.976 --> 00:26:55.340
Did it say that in your research?

00:26:55.340 --> 00:26:58.123
Huh, he didn't like it because he was a dick, he was a dick.

00:26:58.234 --> 00:27:00.782
So Dufault forced Dr Pignet to leave.

00:27:00.782 --> 00:27:01.826
What a dick.

00:27:01.826 --> 00:27:10.561
And the Braille system will stop for a while, but then another teacher comes along, joseph godet and he supported braille.

00:27:10.561 --> 00:27:15.559
Well, there you go and the system was brought back in 1844 and the skate and the school moved on to new horizons.

00:27:15.559 --> 00:27:18.348
What a dick that other guy.

00:27:18.869 --> 00:27:22.780
It was just like a little blip in history, yeah it's just like yeah, no, I don't like it, fuck you.

00:27:22.780 --> 00:27:24.506
Yeah, you drove the other guy off.

00:27:24.506 --> 00:27:25.395
What the hell man.

00:27:26.156 --> 00:27:35.913
so braille was always kind of a sickly child and his health got worse as he got older and he had a respiratory illness, probably tuberculosis or something Okay.

00:27:35.913 --> 00:27:38.782
And he lived with that for about 16 years.

00:27:38.782 --> 00:27:40.239
Oh wow, and no care.

00:27:40.239 --> 00:27:44.403
At the time, when he was 40, he stopped teaching because he was too sick.

00:27:44.644 --> 00:27:44.945
Okay.

00:27:45.465 --> 00:27:52.392
And in the end he became very ill and had to go to the infirmary infirmary at the school and he passed away there in 1852.

00:27:52.392 --> 00:27:55.624
Oh wow, just two days after his 43rd birthday.

00:27:56.195 --> 00:27:56.678
So he was.

00:27:56.678 --> 00:27:58.182
How old was he, Did you say?

00:27:58.784 --> 00:27:59.326
he it was.

00:27:59.326 --> 00:28:13.029
He died two days after his 43rd birthday after Okay, yep, that sucks so finally in 1854, two years after Braille died, the school agreed to use his system because the students kept asking for it.

00:28:13.250 --> 00:28:14.530
Well, I mean, there you go.

00:28:14.632 --> 00:28:22.249
Yeah, so Braille's system quickly spread throughout French-speaking countries, but it took longer to catch on elsewhere.

00:28:22.249 --> 00:28:39.476
Okay however, at a meeting of teachers of the blind in 1873, dr thomas rhodes armitage strongly supported braille and he started to notice that it or, excuse me, he, his use started to grow rapidly around the world then.

00:28:39.476 --> 00:28:46.626
Oh, yeah, so by 1882, dr armitage uh reported that almost every school for the blind in the world now uses braille.

00:28:46.626 --> 00:28:57.740
That's crazy except for a few in north america, because we slow, hey speak for yourself nebraskan but eventually even those schools started using braille.

00:28:58.282 --> 00:29:13.098
So it was officially adopted in the united states in 1916 and a universal braille code code for english was created in 1932 okay so there are many new ways that braille is used today.

00:29:13.098 --> 00:29:33.340
There's braille computer terminals, email services, a special service system for math and sciences sure so after 200 years sorry, 200 years after braille invented it, yeah, it's still incredibly important, right?

00:29:33.340 --> 00:29:41.787
Yeah, so the braille institute that we have now has over 32,000 paper braille books in their library that's wild.

00:29:41.886 --> 00:29:50.048
I know that's a lot of braille books, yeah so there there are some challenges that blind Braille readers face.

00:29:51.817 --> 00:29:52.500
I would imagine.

00:29:52.740 --> 00:29:58.046
Yeah, so in an increasing like digital world, it seems like Braille books would like.

00:29:59.087 --> 00:29:59.489
Go away.

00:29:59.796 --> 00:30:03.925
No, it seems like it would be like much more available to them.

00:30:03.925 --> 00:30:09.025
Sure they don't have access to a wide range of literature.

00:30:09.025 --> 00:30:18.218
So they have the Bible, they have some Shakespeare, you know, but nothing that was contemporary, nothing that was like age appropriate.

00:30:18.397 --> 00:30:18.618
Right.

00:30:19.180 --> 00:30:47.565
So, um, there, there is like systems where you can they can convert the text from standard print to braille oh really, and it's a relatively like, straightforward process, but a lot of systems have to have this software to perform this task sure makes sense and, logically, there should be a huge library available, right right, but there's not less than one% of published books are available in Braille.

00:30:47.904 --> 00:30:48.968
That's wild actually.

00:30:49.167 --> 00:30:49.407
Yeah.

00:30:49.407 --> 00:31:07.750
You would especially think some of the bestsellers and all that would get literally translated into anything Exactly Translated yeah, so it seems that with the limited availability of Braille books, it was actually a high cost to the readers.

00:31:08.295 --> 00:31:09.259
Oh, why is that?

00:31:10.155 --> 00:31:18.308
So the software that converted the text into Braille requires specialized hardware software whatever.

00:31:18.308 --> 00:31:22.605
Either way, these devices are priced between $3,000 and $15,000.

00:31:22.605 --> 00:31:35.441
Wow, okay, wow okay yeah, and it's very disproportionate, because the it would allow mass production, which drives down the cost of each book.

00:31:35.801 --> 00:31:45.027
Well, right and that's the thing, like the initial investment, yes, is high, but ultimately you would be able to mass produce, like you said.

00:31:45.027 --> 00:31:46.698
Then I want to drive down cost because you can mass produce them.

00:31:46.698 --> 00:31:46.897
That's how it works.

00:31:46.897 --> 00:31:47.622
Yeah, and then you'd be able to mass produce, like you said.

00:31:47.622 --> 00:31:48.505
Then I want to drive down costs because you can mass produce them.

00:31:48.505 --> 00:31:49.366
That's how it works.

00:31:49.366 --> 00:31:52.133
Yeah, and then you'd be able to have more books out there.

00:31:52.133 --> 00:32:04.040
But apparently no one just wanted to take the leap of faith and invest in that in the beginning so that's too bad, but there's also a limited market well, yeah, so I just thought of a question.

00:32:04.201 --> 00:32:11.470
I don't know if this is part of your research what is there like a percentage of the like?

00:32:11.470 --> 00:32:11.951
What is there?

00:32:11.951 --> 00:32:14.222
8 billion people now on this planet?

00:32:14.222 --> 00:32:21.286
Is there a percentage that not just blind but obviously seeing impaired people of the world?

00:32:22.056 --> 00:32:25.145
I don't think I read anything like that Of the world.

00:32:25.634 --> 00:32:28.142
Do you have like North America or something America or?

00:32:28.162 --> 00:32:29.566
something English speaking.

00:32:29.746 --> 00:32:29.946
Sure.

00:32:30.734 --> 00:32:34.423
It might be around a hundred thousand Braille readers.

00:32:34.423 --> 00:32:36.647
That's like the statistic I have.

00:32:36.647 --> 00:32:39.344
So the people who know Braille, sure.

00:32:39.344 --> 00:32:40.627
It's about a hundred.

00:32:40.627 --> 00:32:41.892
A hundred thousand.

00:32:41.892 --> 00:32:45.365
That's not a lot of people, it's not so okay, so I can understand, though, why a lot of people it's not so okay.

00:32:45.384 --> 00:32:49.680
So I can understand, though, why a lot of people wouldn't invest that money for a hundred.

00:32:49.680 --> 00:32:55.521
It still sucks, but I can understand it at least, because that isn't actually not a lot of people right.

00:32:55.602 --> 00:33:09.789
So, assuming a typical reader, their lifespan, this would translate into multiple different tablets or or devices whatever to read that braille right.

00:33:09.789 --> 00:33:13.881
Um, and the annual demand for these readers.

00:33:14.122 --> 00:33:16.066
Just aren't enough.

00:33:16.105 --> 00:33:23.902
Yeah, it's not there yeah, so, um, you could probably receive like a new device every 10 years or so.

00:33:23.902 --> 00:33:33.558
Super tiny market and making 10,000 of these would be like a test run for a random keyboard just a regular keyboard.

00:33:33.579 --> 00:33:34.342
Yeah, exactly.

00:33:34.423 --> 00:33:35.518
Yeah, it's just a.

00:33:35.518 --> 00:33:37.664
It would act like a small trail run.

00:33:38.175 --> 00:33:39.380
Do they have Braille keyboards?

00:33:39.380 --> 00:33:40.663
Yes, they do.

00:33:40.663 --> 00:33:41.326
Yes, okay.

00:33:42.516 --> 00:33:49.828
So this kind of explains why the digital age hasn't really come up with a way to accommodate, yeah, yeah.

00:33:49.828 --> 00:34:04.848
So, but the total cost of getting a book to a blind reader is still really, really high, right, and when the main tool that they need costs thousands of dollars because it's basically handmade and very limited, it's hard to make a profit.

00:34:04.848 --> 00:34:06.132
Sure, and I get that, and the world's about making profits.

00:34:06.132 --> 00:34:07.134
If they can't, they it's hard to make a profit.

00:34:07.153 --> 00:34:09.641
Sure, now I get that, and the world's about making profits.

00:34:09.641 --> 00:34:12.273
If they can't, they just go on to the next thing.

00:34:12.273 --> 00:34:12.434
Yeah.

00:34:12.815 --> 00:34:20.710
So today, those who do not know Braille use text to audio, audio books, screen readers, things like that.

00:34:22.135 --> 00:34:47.206
Braille is still taught, but not many like adapted that, yeah, learning style I guess I can imagine, but like you and I like to listen to audiobooks, so obviously that's a huge way to get to a lot of these people yeah so I mean it's nice that there's other avenues instead of just having to read a bunch of dots, because, I'll be honest, I can't read it.

00:34:47.206 --> 00:34:48.990
But I feel like, oh man, this sucks.

00:34:50.233 --> 00:35:00.476
But obviously it's different for them because that's how they have to read it yeah so it's just, it's just wild to think that, but at least there's other avenues for them to uh, hear the books and so on and whatever.

00:35:00.476 --> 00:35:19.259
So that I guess, with that being said, it also makes sense why they're not investing this money to make braille books because it's logical, but it is it does suck, though, because you'd like to have that available for these people, because you know they're they have limitations, unfortunately and you want to make it so everything's readily available for them.

00:35:19.298 --> 00:35:27.063
But yeah that's too bad so whenever we go to france, coupe ray or whatever, 20 miles outside of paris, let's do it.

00:35:27.063 --> 00:35:28.945
There is a Louis Braille museum.

00:35:29.186 --> 00:35:30.329
Oh, is there really, oh nice.

00:35:30.329 --> 00:35:36.815
It was his hometown and it might even be his home period the house he grew up in, Right right.

00:35:37.436 --> 00:35:39.543
But there is a museum there that you can visit.

00:35:39.543 --> 00:35:43.184
Okay, but that is the history of Braille.

00:35:44.114 --> 00:35:44.775
That's wild.

00:35:44.775 --> 00:35:51.389
Yeah, I don't remember what baseball team it was, but they literally had the dots for their name.

00:35:51.894 --> 00:35:58.143
Yeah, I want to show you this picture real quick and maybe you can kind of describe it for people.

00:35:58.322 --> 00:35:59.525
I'll try, I'll do my best.

00:35:59.525 --> 00:36:00.748
I can't see that far, oh dear.

00:36:00.748 --> 00:36:03.420
Okay, so the two dots is A.

00:36:07.576 --> 00:36:08.277
My hip popped.

00:36:08.577 --> 00:36:11.143
Oh, dear, dear, that was awkward, I bet um yes.

00:36:11.403 --> 00:36:23.706
So we've got letters a and z on the computer screen right now so that's the barbie a, and then that's the braille so yeah, so explain what you're seeing so I see the letter a and z and that's uh.

00:36:24.166 --> 00:36:25.027
What does that say, hayley?

00:36:25.027 --> 00:36:29.867
That's um how all we how we, oh, all we, all, we, that's.

00:36:29.867 --> 00:36:42.742
Oh, that's how you spell, okay it's spelled h-a-u-y h-a-u with umlauts, yeah, yeah, um, all, we all, we all right, fair enough so the letters a and z are raised.

00:36:42.742 --> 00:36:43.704
Those are the raised ones.

00:36:43.724 --> 00:36:44.666
I see it now.

00:36:44.666 --> 00:36:46.016
Okay, yes, I got you, I got you.

00:36:46.016 --> 00:36:47.518
So then what's this next one here?

00:36:47.759 --> 00:36:48.460
the bobby a.

00:36:48.460 --> 00:36:51.005
Those are just the dots where he.

00:36:52.286 --> 00:36:57.083
Those are the raised dots that he did yes, but look how many like are listed here.

00:36:57.083 --> 00:37:07.556
Yeah, for like z there's freaking nine dots yeah, that's a lot and there's just two for a and, like your fingers, aren't that big to hold nine dots on a single finger pad.

00:37:07.577 --> 00:37:18.867
Well, and it's crazy too, because when you're looking at the Barbie A1, you have literally it's just two columns, yeah, so, whereas the Braille which is right below is more.

00:37:18.867 --> 00:37:27.782
I don't want to say like the letter, because that doesn't look like a Z to me, but it's in a certain position so that they know that's a Z.

00:37:27.782 --> 00:37:29.298
So it's a lot different, because it's, it's it's in a certain position so that they know that's a z.

00:37:29.242 --> 00:37:36.155
So it's a lot different because it's only a lot more compact very well, it's only got four dots too this is a six by six by two.

00:37:36.155 --> 00:37:46.047
Grid correct rails and you can tell and that makes more sense, seeing that now what you meant by that, because you can see where the other two would go if there was six there.

00:37:46.047 --> 00:37:48.635
So yeah, that's quite different, yeah.

00:37:49.275 --> 00:37:54.003
So this is just a comparison photo, so I will make sure to have that on our social media as well.

00:37:54.054 --> 00:37:56.403
So you can kind of see that comparison between the three.

00:37:56.403 --> 00:37:57.780
Yeah, that's quite different.

00:37:57.920 --> 00:38:01.884
Yeah, so that is the history of Braille.

00:38:01.884 --> 00:38:02.405
What do you think?

00:38:02.976 --> 00:38:08.588
I think that's interesting because, again, it's a limited number of people that are affected by it.

00:38:08.588 --> 00:38:15.804
But it's still very important to them because they still want to read, they still want to be able to write and communicate and so on, whatever it is.

00:38:15.804 --> 00:38:18.322
So, yeah, that's got to be tough.

00:38:18.322 --> 00:38:23.425
I couldn't even imagine, because I am a lover of music.

00:38:23.425 --> 00:38:24.367
I have been my whole life.

00:38:24.367 --> 00:38:28.695
But if I had to pick one one, I'd pick losing my hearing over being blind.

00:38:28.815 --> 00:38:31.641
so yeah I could not not want to see.

00:38:31.641 --> 00:38:43.297
I'd much rather not be able to hear which I just took another drink, you did took another sip of your beverage which you are enjoying thoroughly.

00:38:44.438 --> 00:38:51.898
Yeah, I'll just stick to beer and hard liquor like gin and tonics, like that's good can I ask a question?

00:38:51.958 --> 00:38:57.411
real quick after shock wow, can I ask a question real quick?

00:38:57.411 --> 00:38:59.655
Yeah, who told you not to get that?

00:39:01.619 --> 00:39:03.400
do you have an idiom for me today?

00:39:03.400 --> 00:39:10.275
Sure do let's move right on into the idiom portion of this episode along all right so this was.

00:39:10.637 --> 00:39:19.507
I don't remember who you said gave you this one, but I did pick uh when in rome oh, okay because you had just brought this up to me not that long ago.

00:39:19.507 --> 00:39:20.673
Yeah, like we should do that.

00:39:20.673 --> 00:39:21.096
One was it?

00:39:21.096 --> 00:39:22.478
That wasn't nathan, was it?

00:39:22.478 --> 00:39:24.501
I don't know might have been, I don't know, might have been, I don't remember.

00:39:24.501 --> 00:39:26.306
Thanks, nathan, if it was you, if it wasn't.

00:39:26.306 --> 00:39:27.668
Thanks anyway for being you.

00:39:27.668 --> 00:39:40.903
So when in Rome, the idiom when in Rome do as the Romans do is like the full thing, Means to follow the customs of a place you visit.

00:39:41.514 --> 00:39:45.465
It can also mean to follow the lead of those who are familiar with the situation.

00:39:45.465 --> 00:39:47.878
Never really heard that before, but I understand.

00:39:47.878 --> 00:39:52.528
The first part is like do as the locals do basically is what it is.

00:39:52.528 --> 00:39:58.168
So it's often used by travelers to express the need to adjust to the customs of a new place.

00:39:58.168 --> 00:40:04.708
So you go to Paris and you got to go oh, we, we you know we wouldn't do that.

00:40:05.815 --> 00:40:06.980
Oh, we in Paris, sorry.

00:40:06.980 --> 00:40:08.403
You, we in town, sorry.

00:40:08.403 --> 00:40:09.025
You need to stop.

00:40:09.025 --> 00:40:14.206
It can apply to any country or city, not just Rome, it's just.

00:40:14.206 --> 00:40:16.682
Yeah that's where it kind of originated from.

00:40:16.682 --> 00:40:25.929
It also can be used to describe adapting to the actions of people who are, who are comfortable in an unfamiliar situation.

00:40:25.929 --> 00:40:35.510
So if you're like new to the situation, just kind of read the room and do as the Romans do, finish it.

00:40:35.510 --> 00:40:36.010
I'm just kidding.

00:40:36.215 --> 00:40:39.005
Finish the drink that tastes like cleaning liquid.

00:40:40.596 --> 00:40:42.282
You have to finish that alcohol abuse.

00:40:42.282 --> 00:40:43.418
If you don't, I'm pretty sure.

00:40:43.418 --> 00:40:47.202
I'm going to save you a drink, save you a sip so you can partake.

00:40:47.202 --> 00:41:01.724
So of course it does also also say, like I said, idiom is often shortened to when in Rome, yeah, so the origin is attributed to St Ambrose, the former bishop of Milan.

00:41:01.724 --> 00:41:02.826
Good salad.

00:41:04.007 --> 00:41:14.882
Wow, the former bishop of Milan is a good salad's I've never heard of that one, or is it ambrosia?

00:41:14.902 --> 00:41:15.422
I don't remember.

00:41:15.422 --> 00:41:16.144
I think it's ambrosia, not ambrose.

00:41:16.166 --> 00:41:20.539
Maybe it came from ambrose, ambrosia came from ambrose.

00:41:20.840 --> 00:41:21.963
Oh dear um.

00:41:21.963 --> 00:41:33.182
The story goes that saint augustine asked saint ambrose if they should fast on saturdays as romans did, and ambrose advised him to adapt to the habits of the local people.

00:41:33.182 --> 00:41:36.396
So that's where the origin of that came in.

00:41:36.396 --> 00:41:40.643
It morphed into the do as the romans do and all that stuff.

00:41:40.643 --> 00:41:47.586
So yeah when, in rome, do as the romans do, which is apparently murder people in a big coliseum.

00:41:49.556 --> 00:41:51.884
Shout out to our Nero episode Hell yeah.

00:41:52.235 --> 00:41:56.967
Let's play that liar Lear and just watch the city burn.

00:41:56.967 --> 00:42:10.659
That's what we're supposed to do, so yeah, so it was interesting because you brought that up, so I figured the next time we need an idiom, I just go ahead and do that one because it's fresh in the mind.

00:42:11.199 --> 00:42:20.266
So I gotta, you know, up my game a little bit, though I feel like I need to get a little more deeper in some of these meaning.

00:42:20.266 --> 00:42:25.996
It's a very easy one, it was very easy to find some stuff, but I just I want to find one.

00:42:25.996 --> 00:42:27.257
That's really fucking weird.

00:42:28.059 --> 00:42:29.460
I don't know how to describe it.

00:42:29.460 --> 00:42:31.641
Yeah, I mean, we have a list of idioms.

00:42:32.603 --> 00:42:33.423
We certainly do.

00:42:33.423 --> 00:42:43.652
We, we have a list of idioms and, um, I constantly uh, kate will tell me one, Nathan will tell Kate one and she'll pass it along.

00:42:43.652 --> 00:42:47.077
Uh, another friend will mention them.

00:42:47.077 --> 00:42:50.077
Some of my family has mentioned a few uh, or or.

00:42:50.077 --> 00:42:51.539
I've just overheard.

00:42:51.539 --> 00:42:54.766
So I have a list that I just keep adding to.

00:42:54.766 --> 00:43:00.161
Yeah, and basically, um, I check them off when, when we use them.

00:43:00.181 --> 00:43:08.367
So, yeah, I can now check off when in room when in room but yeah, I always like that one because it's one I've known, I feel, like my entire life.

00:43:08.367 --> 00:43:15.539
So that's also why I kind of wanted to do that one, because I just I I've literally said it numerous times throughout- my life.

00:43:15.539 --> 00:43:19.847
So anyways, but uh but yeah, so history of Braille, that's.

00:43:19.847 --> 00:43:20.735
That was different.

00:43:20.735 --> 00:43:22.079
I liked that cause I had.

00:43:22.079 --> 00:43:30.121
I knew it was named after a guy with the last name Braille, right, that's pretty much all I knew about it, right, right, so no, that was interesting.

00:43:30.755 --> 00:43:34.927
I thought it was pretty cool that they were all kind of in the same time frame as each other.

00:43:34.927 --> 00:43:36.943
Like it adapted really quickly.

00:43:37.094 --> 00:43:38.840
That actually was very wild.

00:43:38.840 --> 00:43:44.304
I didn't realize that, and I mean, if you look at it, it wasn't far off from each other either.

00:43:44.304 --> 00:43:47.994
Basically, Braille just perfected all we.

00:43:48.735 --> 00:43:48.916
Right.

00:43:48.916 --> 00:43:52.824
And he already had a good idea with the raised letters.

00:43:53.806 --> 00:43:55.333
It's a fantastic idea.

00:43:55.333 --> 00:44:00.925
It's just hard because with how much is there feeling that I can imagine was very difficult.

00:44:00.925 --> 00:44:10.157
And then going to the dots was Barbier, smart but a little cumbersome.

00:44:10.157 --> 00:44:12.280
Yes, with all the dots all the dots.

00:44:12.280 --> 00:44:18.603
Yeah and then braille, just like I like this, but I'm just gonna tighten it up basically, yeah, yeah.

00:44:18.664 --> 00:44:23.856
The rapid succession and then the fact that we're still using that system today is well.

00:44:23.856 --> 00:44:25.806
Yeah, I mean, it's basically what?

00:44:25.806 --> 00:44:28.331
Almost 200 years later right, yeah, almost right, almost right.

00:44:28.351 --> 00:44:30.735
Yeah, 1840,.

00:44:30.735 --> 00:44:31.076
What was?

00:44:31.115 --> 00:44:31.155
it.

00:44:31.155 --> 00:44:33.219
Oh, he Mid-40s, right.

00:44:33.219 --> 00:44:35.356
Yeah, he died in the 40s, yeah.

00:44:35.398 --> 00:44:36.585
Yeah, so 1840s.

00:44:36.585 --> 00:44:41.496
So we're almost at frickin' 200 years of using that system.

00:44:41.536 --> 00:44:41.737
Yeah.

00:44:42.264 --> 00:44:44.753
So I really don't think a better one's going to come along.

00:44:44.753 --> 00:44:47.193
I mean, could one with technology?

00:44:47.344 --> 00:44:48.487
Yes, I mean could one with technology?

00:44:49.108 --> 00:44:53.177
Sure, obviously, but I mean it's a very universal system to use.

00:44:53.177 --> 00:45:05.152
I was going to ask so, like, obviously, English, which we speak and write and everything is that, and with lettering, I mean I know the alphabet's the alphabet, but like, how do you read Braille in?

00:45:05.152 --> 00:45:05.853
Like Chinese?

00:45:06.835 --> 00:45:07.436
I don't know.

00:45:07.797 --> 00:45:08.438
Is it different?

00:45:08.458 --> 00:45:09.485
That's a good question, is it?

00:45:09.505 --> 00:45:10.126
even used.

00:45:10.126 --> 00:45:13.755
I just I was curious and I didn't know if that was something you would even come across.

00:45:13.777 --> 00:45:30.056
But you would just think like because a lot of the characters right are like a full word correct, and they actually have that in braille as well oh, do that, so there will be specific sequences of the word the oh, oh, that makes sense.

00:45:30.056 --> 00:45:32.204
And yeah, because.

00:45:32.545 --> 00:45:34.472
Very regularly used words kind of thing.

00:45:34.472 --> 00:45:36.291
That makes total sense, Yep.

00:45:36.291 --> 00:45:42.998
But as you were going through it, I'm like well, how do I use Braille and Russian?

00:45:43.318 --> 00:45:43.518
Yeah.

00:45:43.704 --> 00:45:46.655
Or whatever you know, pick whatever language you want here.

00:45:46.655 --> 00:45:55.574
But I just I wonder if if they're able to use that in some fashion form or whatever adapted right way or is it just a more?

00:45:55.574 --> 00:46:09.393
But I mean, the french started it so and again, I know the alphabet is the same for a lot of different languages, but it just I don't know especially like, like you said, the symbols and stuff with Chinese.

00:46:09.393 --> 00:46:11.458
It's like can you use Braille for that?

00:46:11.458 --> 00:46:14.193
So that'd be kind of interesting to find out.

00:46:14.213 --> 00:46:15.155
That would be really interesting.

00:46:15.846 --> 00:46:21.157
But no, that was pretty cool because, again, I didn't know the origins of Braille.

00:46:21.157 --> 00:46:22.530
So yeah, very cool.

00:46:22.630 --> 00:46:22.791
Yeah.

00:46:26.389 --> 00:46:31.646
So, kate, tell me about your delicious beverage that you've been partaking in so I don't want to dismiss it.

00:46:31.706 --> 00:46:59.067
This has a place for people, just not you people, just not in my stomach that's fantastic so it is a strawberry margarita tequila cocktail by carbless yes and uh, it honestly does taste like a cleaning solution, like if you're spraying like windex and some of it just kind of like the wind got you a little bit land on your tongue.

00:46:59.067 --> 00:47:04.927
It tastes like strawberry windex oh gross it's really bizarre and I can't wait for you to try it.

00:47:04.927 --> 00:47:07.211
Actually, let's try it on the air right now.

00:47:07.592 --> 00:47:10.518
Hold, please Do we have to do this.

00:47:11.746 --> 00:47:12.851
It's for our fans.

00:47:15.907 --> 00:47:17.291
I'm glad you pluralized that.

00:47:17.291 --> 00:47:24.331
Oh gross, just smelling it is fucking terrible.

00:47:24.331 --> 00:47:32.987
Oh fuck why.

00:47:33.007 --> 00:47:33.568
Why would someone drink?

00:47:33.748 --> 00:47:41.980
that again to each their own, but good lord can you taste the cleaning solution?

00:47:41.980 --> 00:47:43.525
That's all I tasted.

00:47:43.525 --> 00:47:45.768
Where's the rest of it?

00:47:46.010 --> 00:47:47.032
so bizarre, isn't it?

00:47:47.032 --> 00:47:48.293
But at least it's gluten-free.

00:47:49.936 --> 00:47:52.228
Got that going for me zero carbs, zero sugar.

00:47:53.170 --> 00:47:59.347
Yeah, um, I have um the gin and tonic waiting for me after this, so I'm excited about that.

00:47:59.527 --> 00:48:01.596
I do know I like that tell me about your beer.

00:48:01.617 --> 00:48:01.938
How was it?

00:48:01.958 --> 00:48:08.969
uh, so the the young blood beer company healy's and jorts hazy into India Pale Ale was very good.

00:48:08.969 --> 00:48:10.750
Good, good job, bill.

00:48:10.750 --> 00:48:14.893
I don't know your friends who you made this with, but I like what you did.

00:48:14.893 --> 00:48:15.193
So.

00:48:15.193 --> 00:48:16.193
I like the can.

00:48:16.193 --> 00:48:21.378
It's very colorful, with some blue background and some trees, so I dig that.

00:48:21.378 --> 00:48:22.619
But no, I enjoyed it.

00:48:22.619 --> 00:48:26.902
It was very good yeah, so I would definitely have this again.

00:48:30.324 --> 00:48:33.271
Cool, I'd put this at a three and a half four on my out of five I'm gonna say mine is uh zero one.

00:48:33.271 --> 00:48:34.612
I will not repeat again.

00:48:34.612 --> 00:48:37.798
So yeah, I'm gonna say zero.

00:48:37.798 --> 00:48:42.134
I mean, like I could, I could get it down like, that's not the issue.

00:48:42.134 --> 00:48:47.690
So do I give it a one then, because I technically can drink it our scale is one to five.

00:48:48.070 --> 00:48:49.632
We can alter it to zero to five.

00:48:49.632 --> 00:49:01.244
I give it a 0.5 because I can get it down and that's, that's all it's getting is because you could literally imbibe it.

00:49:01.324 --> 00:49:10.170
So yeah, sorry, carbless well, you know there is a place, people do drink it, so again being in the beer business, like I was in the past.

00:49:10.170 --> 00:49:11.753
I I used to sell White Claw.

00:49:11.753 --> 00:49:12.755
I never sold Carbless.

00:49:12.755 --> 00:49:14.137
There's tons.

00:49:14.137 --> 00:49:17.768
I mean, that shit sells crazy, and I believe it's from Wisconsin, right?

00:49:17.768 --> 00:49:18.409
Did you say that?

00:49:18.409 --> 00:49:18.989
Des Moines?

00:49:18.989 --> 00:49:20.893
Yeah, or Des Moines, that's where it's.

00:49:20.893 --> 00:49:22.795
From which one am I thinking of?

00:49:22.795 --> 00:49:24.699
Never mind, something different?

00:49:24.699 --> 00:49:31.353
Yeah, that's right, des moines.

00:49:31.353 --> 00:49:33.257
Um, anyways, I'm thinking of something different.

00:49:33.257 --> 00:49:36.791
Anywho, uh, that shit sells a lot though.

00:49:37.030 --> 00:49:48.072
Yeah, so clearly there's plenty of people out there and maybe it's just that flavor that you don't like too yeah you that's the first one you've tried of carbless right ever, so maybe there's another flavor out there that you might like.

00:49:48.072 --> 00:49:53.295
I am just not a seltzer person, yeah, so I instantly shy away from those.

00:49:53.295 --> 00:49:55.047
Like White Claw to me.

00:49:55.047 --> 00:49:55.849
Could I drink one?

00:49:55.849 --> 00:49:56.831
Yeah, of course.

00:49:56.972 --> 00:49:58.114
But TV static.

00:49:59.677 --> 00:50:04.751
Exactly so on that note, well, I suppose.

00:50:04.751 --> 00:50:07.190
All right, buffoons, that's it for today's episode.

00:50:07.864 --> 00:50:11.034
Buckle up, because we've got another historical adventure waiting for you.

00:50:11.034 --> 00:50:19.056
Next time Feeling hungry for more buffoonery, or maybe you have a burning question or a wild historical theory for us to explore.

00:50:19.324 --> 00:50:20.630
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00:50:20.630 --> 00:50:25.356
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00:50:25.356 --> 00:50:29.960
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00:50:29.960 --> 00:50:31.347
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00:50:31.347 --> 00:50:32.992
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00:50:38.349 --> 00:50:41.376
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00:50:41.826 --> 00:50:43.969
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