They’re on the Level

Transcript

WEBVTT

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oh, hey there, oh hey there.

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How are you today?

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I have a headache me too.

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What the what?

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And I, I'm a medicine person like I can take a tylenol and advil and ibuprofen and all that, but you, you don't.

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I mean I can take them, I just don't take them.

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I know I just never have been a fan.

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It's probably because my mom shoved me full of meds for my whole youth.

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I'm just kidding, she really didn't um, but even back then, like I didn't like taking um medicine we always had uh, how did my dad word it?

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He said cool bat and meds like cool whip.

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For somebody who said cool bat or at least that's how I always heard it so to get us to take medicine when we were little they would get my mom always had cool whip.

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Sounds great it was and she would.

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And pills were a lot different back then, so they were a lot more chalky yeah, like dissolving or whatever, so they weren't really nasty, yeah, so she would get a spoon um, scoop some cool up on it and then shove the pills in there.

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And that's how we took our pills.

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Nice, yeah, because we mom, I know we weren't very good pill takers back in the day.

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Yeah, I don't really remember much about that in my youth, but that's par for the course.

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You don't really remember much of your adult life either.

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I know you wake up and like I exist.

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Yay, look at me.

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I'm a real burr.

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I was going to say boy, but then I'm like girl.

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I'm a real burr.

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I'm just gonna say boy, but then I'm like girl.

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I'm like I'm a real burl I'm a real burl that was.

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Uh, that was an attempt to quote pinocchio, but at the same time, I'm like oh jesus, I'm killing her with laughter oh my gosh, oh my gosh.

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So, hey, real burl, my bad.

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Well, I take.

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So I'm really good at taking pills now because I can take like a whole handful in one gulp if you will.

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I have to have water, though.

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The movies that they show you taking pills without water, that is bullshit.

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Yeah, because they probably just give them like a tic tac and it's fucking it's not realistic no, it's not realistic at all I mean I would choke on those ask me how I know how do you know?

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I've choked on them before without water experience okay, so I have a new beer, new to me beer.

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Um, so this is from Three Sheeps Like blah blah, black sheep, not to be confused with sheets.

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Yes, sir, three bags full.

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So Three Sheeps.

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It is a brewery that I've been to.

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What did you call it in the last podcast?

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Brew-ering yeah brewery, this is the new brewing.

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What did you call it in the last podcast?

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That was a brewing like a yeah brewing.

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This is the new brewing.

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I'm like um so three sheeps is in sheboygan, wisconsin, and I've been there um a couple of times, but it's like this big warehouse looking thing that they just have like a bunch of picnic tables out that you can.

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There's no food or anything, it's just the bar and then a ton of picnic tables and then their entire wall of the building opens up.

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So you, it's like a patio type thing, but it's very like, which is minimal it's cool that, that you know the opens up and whatever, but I'm not a big fan of all these places.

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There's so many just like cookie cutter warehouses going up and whether it's a, a brewing or a whatever business, it's just like there's no like imagination for your businesses anymore with these buildings yeah it's all just like hey, here's a box, exist in there I don't mind the three sheep's one, because you can like bring in your own food, like they don't care about that well, yeah, because they obviously they don't you know uh sell any.

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So I mean, that totally makes sense.

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But so the only beer that I remember liking at three sheeps was their amber, I think it's called oh boy I don't know.

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Oh gosh, oh gosh, oh gosh.

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I know I'm just not very well versed in them.

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I don't remember now, but this one is a juicy pale ale called fresh coast and if you remember from a previous podcast, she did not have a good go-around on.

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Uh, we don't have to rub their name in it anymore.

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Oh sorry, or promote it for that matter, kiwina.

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Either way, you're going out of your comfort zone.

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It's not a lager.

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Yeah, so we'll see how that works.

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What do you got?

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Just to be 100% transparent, here she has a Modelo at the ready.

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Oh, I fuck, yeah, I do and it is open it's ready to go it is open it's basically like a chaser, just in case it doesn't go well this time, like that that one time.

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But all right, I have a uh, third space brewing.

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Uh, they're out of milwaukee, wisconsin.

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I know of them.

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I don't think I've ever actually had one of their beers before, but I went hardcore.

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I have their Infinite Wisdom, which I thought was kind of fitting for a history podcast.

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Sure Because we don't have it.

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They're aiming pretty high, but okay.

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Well, I mean it never ends.

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See what I did there.

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It's infinite Shut up.

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It took me a second, I know it did.

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I could tell the dribble had to like.

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Oh, it's my time to shine.

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Run on the wheel or the mouse or whatever it's running around in your brain.

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The cogs.

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Yeah.

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No or whatever it's running around in your brain.

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The cogs, yeah, no, who?

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Am I kidding.

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There's a hamster up there.

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That's what it is, but it's an imperial ipa nine percent alcohol by volume mine's only a 4.2 or so, eight, oh that's, that's a higher okay, are we ready?

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Yeah, here we go oh, that was so like in tandem yeah, it almost like shut down my ears for a second through the headphones.

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That was weird oh okay, I like mine the juicy, pale, ale fresh coast from three sheeps for being a nine percent.

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You would not guess that that's pretty good good yeah, awesome, very nice, well done we have some winners uh well, I mean, last time we were still batting, you know 500, mine was good, yours not so much so you ready for a story?

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it's not really a story, it's more of just a lesson really.

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Oh, you have a lesson planned for me.

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I kind of do okay yeah I hope I'm ready for that I think you'll enjoy it I would imagine, I will it is um about how the pyramids were built.

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The speculation of how they were built.

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No, you're not wrong.

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Like there's not like solid, solid proof.

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Definitive proof.

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Yes, but they no longer think it was from like slaves.

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It was aliens, 100% that's been documented?

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By what conspiracy?

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theorist.

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I don't have enough time to name all those people because there's a lot of them.

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I think out there ancient aliens I think that's a show on history channel I know you're right, you're right okay, so so are you going to teach us how they like did the track around the top of it and everything?

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Kind of yeah, cool, yeah, I'm going to tell you some things.

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And I'm going to learn.

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You're going to get schooled on pyramids from Chiron.

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I hated school.

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I know, but we like history, so here we are.

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That's why we're doing it.

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Just because I hated school doesn't mean I didn't like things from it.

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I liked history, I liked math and I liked leaving.

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I liked graduation.

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Graduation was great.

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So the pyramids of Cairo were considered the world's first skyscrapers.

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I mean, they were the tallest structure in the world for a long time right.

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Built 2,000 years before Christ.

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Christ was built.

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I feel like that's a song.

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What?

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2,000 years before Christ.

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No.

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Christ was built.

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Yeah.

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We can write one.

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No.

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Won't be very good.

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I can play drums.

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You could write it, I'll sing it.

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I could write the drums.

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I can play drums you could write it.

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I'll sing it I could write the drums.

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I can't play guitar, okay, let's move on.

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Or keyboard, I am not a pianist.

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Okay, so the Great Pyramid, the big guy, right.

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At Giza.

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Yeah, yeah, so that one stands 481 feet tall, which is funny because you think about it now like skyscrapers that we have, it's like that's not very big 481 feet tall I think it's pretty big yeah, it's big.

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There are 2.3 million blocks, some all the way up to 50 tons in weight what is the width of the base?

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Um, I have it written here somewhere, but it's a number and I don't remember shit, so I'll let you know when I read it I'm gonna edit that out so that's fine.

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So there were also.

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So in all it was six million tons of bricks, which is equal to 16 Empire State Buildings.

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Wow, so is that for all three pyramids, Just the Great Pyramid?

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Yeah, Nice, okay, here's the answer to your question.

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Oh, hey, look at this.

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The sides of the pyramid are 755 feet in length.

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Okay.

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And, amazingly enough, they only vary within two inches.

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Right, isn't that?

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wild, they're so precise.

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Well, yeah, because obviously all three line up with Orion's belt.

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That is speculation.

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yes, Well, I mean it does.

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Yes, but they don't know if that's the reason for right.

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Right, that's a speculation and like how?

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like, yeah, what well, I'll let you talk, because I don't want to like, in case you have some of the stuff yeah, so inside the burial chambers the blocks are so precise that even a credit card cannot slip through the supposed burial burial chambers yes, so archaeologists use dynamite dynamite to blast their way through the pyramids, which is sad, I know, and that actually disrupted potential clues on how the pyramids were.

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Yeah, that's why it's sad, because because, they don't know what they blew up because they blew it up, and so now we're using non-invasive technology.

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Well, we have a lot better equipment these days, because they found them how many years ago?

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Obviously They've been around for a long time where these people started exploring and they're like, fuck it, blow it up.

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I know.

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So trial and error pyramids were actually built around 2600 BCE off the Nile River One, the first one that they made is called the Step Pyramid of Saqqara.

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It's the oldest stone quote unquote building on Earth.

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Okay, stone quote-unquote building on earth.

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Okay, so it's writing rising 204 feet from the desert sands, which was a breakthrough in the history of construction.

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Sure makes sense.

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It didn't have any smooth sloping sides, but instead rose in a series of levels or steps right.

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So the first flat-sided true pyramids were built 60 years later by the pharaoh Nufru.

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Nufru.

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Yeah, how do you spell that?

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S-N-E-F-E-R-U, or Sneferu, sneferu I don't know.

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All right, that is a heck of a name.

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Yeah, but his son, khufu, built the uh-huh, built the great pyramid.

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what a guy yeah, well, he had people build it for him.

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He didn't do it yes, and then there were, um, a series of smaller, highly decorated pyramids that were later built at sakara, right.

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So the ancient archaeologists mapped out the location of the pyramids with with a lot of care and precision.

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Oh yeah, they needed a foundation that could handle the six million tons of limestone.

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Yep, so they mapped out the points of the compass north, south, east, west so that each side aligned with the direction, isn.

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Isn't that crazy.

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It's so amazing and there's a degree of error, but it's so minute how close they actually got to true north and all that stuff.

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It's wild how precise they were back then.

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So they followed the path of the stars as it rose and fell, and then chose the midway point, and that was true north.

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Yep.

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They were off true north by a 20th of a degree.

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Isn't that wild.

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To be that precise again at that time in our history is just crazy.

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And in my head I'm thinking'm thinking, okay, if I stayed in this spot, where is my local walmart that is north?

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or if you look at my house, my this room slopes into that corner uh-huh that's been.

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This house has only been up for 183 years or whatever.

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That's been up for thousands and it's like, yeah, we're good, yeah, but no thanks house yeah.

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So modern foundations are leveled with lasers.

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But British engineer Dennis Stocks, who is an expert in ancient Egyptian construction techniques, thinks that the Egyptians used water in a sort of channel.

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Okay, so along each of the 755 foot side of the pyramid they would create a channel with water which acted like a level.

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So then they would etch around it, maintaining the water's level that's wild yeah, so you've got a ditch right yeah filled with water.

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Then you chisel away the earth until the water is level.

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Yeah, I've never heard of that before that's crazy, that is crazy.

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I mean that's brilliant because the water is going to find the the flat surface, if you will, whatever, yeah, yeah, wow, I didn't know that that's.

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That's pretty interesting so for each 2.3 million blocks, they likely created a type of a frame that has a crossbar and a plumb line down the center.

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Okay, so right behind the plumb line is a scored line in the wood of the crossbar.

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Okay, so the plumb line and the the uh, the scored line should be exactly the same right so, if you think of the capital letter a, the a-frame was likely made of wood and had a string hanging from the center of the top of the a and then a weight was attached to the other end of the string, and when the a frame was placed on an uneven surface, the weight or the plumb string would move the string in one direction or the other can I ask a question?

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yeah, what did they call it back then?

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because they didn't have the letter a where do you come up with these questions?

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am I wrong?

00:16:24.551 --> 00:16:30.244
Okay, I came up with like A-frame and I don't know what it's actually called Jeez Louise.

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Well, I didn't know, just curious Inquiring minds want to know.

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They just called it a level.

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Okay.

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Okay, I'm sorry.

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Oh, my god Didn't mean to derail you there.

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My bad, I saw it.

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I saw it.

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So the markings on the crossbeam the a indicated indicated how far off center the surface was.

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Okay.

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So to make it easier to see when the string was hanging straight down, the wood near the string was attached to the frame could be notched out or have a vertical marking.

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So what they did in place of one leg of the a.

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So what they did is they placed one leg of the a on a flat surface of water.

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Then they would square out the lime stone rocks until the plum line matched up with the score line.

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Sure?

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no, that makes sense you want to see a picture of it, sure, okay, what's it look like to you?

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It looks like a pyramid a letter a oh, maybe it was a pyramid frame back then no, it's the letter a yeah, I see that with a plumb line and it's at like a 90 degree point yes, okay, anywho so, over the course of 500 years, 18 pyramids were built.

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That's a long time 500 years, 18 pyramids.

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Well, I mean, it's not like they were built.

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Rome wasn't built in a day, neither was the pyramids.

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I mean it took a while.

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I mean that's a shit ton of rock.

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That is that they got to move.

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Yeah.

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So I mean, they took literally what decades to make.

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Literally.

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Yeah, so.

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Centuries.

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Or that too.

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Yeah, so near Cairo is a quarry with high quality limestone and they used copper to chisel away the limestone.

00:18:30.538 --> 00:18:39.080
But copper is a soft metal that can bend or blunt easily correct so they're like how does that work?

00:18:39.080 --> 00:18:45.894
Egyptian copper had trace amounts of arsenic so what did that do to it?

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That made the copper much more durable and stronger.

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And then it's pure form really, and they would use more broad copper chisels and wooden mallets for rough work and then they would use like pointed for copper chisels for yeah, exactly okay so limestone is relatively soft, but in the chambers of the pyramid they used granite.

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Copper chisels were useless.

00:19:14.810 --> 00:19:16.156
Yeah, against granite, for sure.

00:19:16.349 --> 00:19:18.458
Yeah, and ironworking wasn't around yet.

00:19:18.597 --> 00:19:18.818
Right.

00:19:19.830 --> 00:19:23.340
So how did they cut granite so perfectly Lasers?

00:19:24.592 --> 00:19:25.234
You ready for this?

00:19:25.234 --> 00:19:27.878
I don't know if I am, because it sounds pretty profound.

00:19:27.878 --> 00:19:30.000
They did use copper.

00:19:30.020 --> 00:19:30.866
What.

00:19:31.891 --> 00:19:34.579
It's like you tried to lead us off but went right back to it.

00:19:34.710 --> 00:19:37.035
Oh my gosh, oh my gosh.

00:19:37.035 --> 00:19:38.835
Did you get like whiplash?

00:19:38.835 --> 00:19:40.180
No, okay.

00:19:40.369 --> 00:19:41.836
I got worse headache.

00:19:43.611 --> 00:20:02.755
So they actually used a copper saw with no teeth oh man, they just gummed their way through it oh god sorry oh my god.

00:20:02.755 --> 00:20:03.855
So how did they cut it?

00:20:03.855 --> 00:20:05.537
Using copper saw with no teeth?

00:20:05.537 --> 00:20:07.318
They used sand.

00:20:07.959 --> 00:20:08.299
Okay.

00:20:08.660 --> 00:20:20.276
So the quartz crystals in sand gets embedded into the soft copper and the saw drags those crystals back and forth Wow, and actually does the cutting.

00:20:20.938 --> 00:20:21.980
That's weird, mm-hmm.

00:20:22.851 --> 00:20:27.345
So now, cutting granite this way took an hour to cut just two cubic inches.

00:20:27.345 --> 00:20:28.808
Oh geez, so it would take four months to just two cubic inches.

00:20:28.828 --> 00:20:28.990
Oh geez.

00:20:29.190 --> 00:20:32.157
So it would take four months to just create a sarcophagus.

00:20:32.157 --> 00:20:34.001
Wow, with that technique.

00:20:34.001 --> 00:20:36.669
Isn't that crazy, that's a long time.

00:20:36.669 --> 00:20:42.083
They would literally just pour salt in the area that they're trying to cut away.

00:20:42.083 --> 00:20:45.617
And then they had this big two-person copper.

00:20:45.617 --> 00:20:47.962
Saw that would chisel the sand.

00:20:48.809 --> 00:20:50.035
You mean sand, they poured.

00:20:50.035 --> 00:20:52.071
You said salt sorry, yes, sand.

00:20:52.133 --> 00:20:53.915
Where did I come up with sand salt?

00:20:54.237 --> 00:20:59.412
you're probably hungry, and then you put salt on everything I do.

00:20:59.412 --> 00:21:05.017
Thanks, hubby yeah, your husband really got you into salt, lots of salt, yeah.

00:21:05.176 --> 00:21:21.325
So anyway, so, based in the quarry, they would transport their blocks on boats that they built for the Nile Right, and then they would create an oil slick on land to move the blocks.

00:21:21.369 --> 00:21:22.675
To basically slide them across.

00:21:22.675 --> 00:21:29.719
Yeah, so I guess I'm unfamiliar with that part of the territory.

00:21:29.719 --> 00:21:32.423
Were they rich in oil over there?

00:21:32.423 --> 00:21:45.578
I mean they have apparently, if they can make like a oil slick just to slide them across yeah, I don't know that's weird, I never, never knew that but I mean, they got copper and they got limestone.

00:21:45.598 --> 00:21:46.420
Why can't they have oil?

00:21:51.069 --> 00:21:53.813
Might as well, give them some cake too.

00:21:53.873 --> 00:22:04.585
So as far as how they chose the pyramid shape, they knew it would have to be supported by a wide base and a low center of gravity.

00:22:04.605 --> 00:22:10.903
Okay, and more than two-thirds of the weight has to be at the bottom right.

00:22:10.923 --> 00:22:22.233
So some say it's this shape to replicate the way the sun peaks out under a cloud, when there's like a resulting triangle sunbeam okay um.

00:22:22.233 --> 00:22:35.987
So they built the first flat-sided pyramid with a 55-degree angle using a solid stone foundation, but only on the edges of the pyramid.

00:22:36.230 --> 00:22:37.976
So it was just basically like the perimeter.

00:22:37.976 --> 00:22:38.196
Yes, okay.

00:22:39.912 --> 00:22:41.979
The inside of the base was clay.

00:22:41.979 --> 00:22:50.057
As the pyramid rose in size, the clay would buckle underneath and the inside chamber started to crack.

00:22:50.057 --> 00:22:51.010
That would make sense.

00:22:51.010 --> 00:23:07.022
So mid build they changed the angle from 55 degrees to 43 degrees, which reduced the height of the pyramid by 100 feet and the weight by 400 000 tons.

00:23:07.022 --> 00:23:08.085
It's a lot of tons.

00:23:08.085 --> 00:23:11.750
This pyramid is called the bent pyramid and it still stands.

00:23:11.750 --> 00:23:13.393
That's a shit ton.

00:23:13.393 --> 00:23:16.738
So lesson learned, right?

00:23:17.179 --> 00:23:29.463
I guess the great pyramid was built at 45 degrees why they had the two I think they were testing the waters, or or they're like well, that's half a 90-degree angle.

00:23:29.463 --> 00:23:30.085
Let's do that.

00:23:30.430 --> 00:23:38.442
So it is considered the most shallow pyramid, but also the only true smooth-sided pyramid still standing today.

00:23:39.170 --> 00:23:42.160
Because it used to have what was the surface they put on it.

00:23:42.160 --> 00:23:45.560
It's all gone by now, but was that limestone as well?

00:23:45.750 --> 00:23:46.977
Yeah, it's also limestone.

00:23:46.997 --> 00:23:47.077
Okay.

00:23:47.309 --> 00:23:49.719
Yeah, which I talk about here.

00:23:49.719 --> 00:23:55.970
So archaeologists surmise that once at the quarry they built a ramp to transport the limestone.

00:23:55.970 --> 00:23:59.279
So they built a ramp up to the pyramid summit.

00:23:59.279 --> 00:24:01.005
But what type of ramp?

00:24:01.005 --> 00:24:03.471
Because they still don't know what kind.

00:24:03.471 --> 00:24:05.096
But there are three potential ways.

00:24:05.096 --> 00:24:16.221
One is to build a ramp straight to the top which makes no sense that would be really either really really long exactly steep, and that's the thing.

00:24:16.343 --> 00:24:33.990
It couldn't be steep because of the weight of those rocks yeah obviously guys aren't going to be pushing those up there or pulling or both so another um way is a ramp in the form of like an airline queue line, where it zigzags up one side of the pyramid.

00:24:34.972 --> 00:24:36.578
I hope their third one's the one that I saw.

00:24:36.578 --> 00:24:41.881
It's more recent and they're pretty sure that's how it was.

00:24:42.130 --> 00:24:43.895
A spiral going all the way around.

00:24:43.895 --> 00:24:48.459
Yeah, yes, like a spiral staircase.

00:24:48.789 --> 00:24:51.733
At least the thing I saw, which I don't think was very old.

00:24:51.733 --> 00:24:53.961
I just saw it that not that long ago.

00:24:53.961 --> 00:25:01.012
They think that they discovered that more recently, kind of thing because, everyone thought it was just a ramp straight up to top, like the first one.

00:25:01.012 --> 00:25:03.746
You said yeah, and like that just doesn't make any sense.

00:25:03.746 --> 00:25:10.740
Yeah, because that that ramp would have to be like miles long, right, right, especially when it gets to the higher peak.

00:25:10.740 --> 00:25:11.522
I guess.

00:25:14.151 --> 00:25:27.337
But yeah, the one I saw, it's like yeah, goes around, spirals up to the top, and then they kind of work their way back in where they fill it in, to eliminate it, because they're like, well, why can't we see it?

00:25:27.410 --> 00:25:38.398
Well, because they filled it in, which makes sense so the internal limestone blocks were rough and unfinished looking and they filled the cracks with mortar and limestone chippings.

00:25:38.398 --> 00:25:47.398
But the exterior blocks those seen um are perfectly finished yeah, they were smoothed out or sawed better, I guess.

00:25:47.398 --> 00:25:52.246
So inside the chamber the blocks, those were granite, right yeah.

00:25:52.246 --> 00:25:54.395
So how did they make them so precise?

00:25:54.395 --> 00:25:55.338
Great question.

00:25:55.759 --> 00:25:56.101
Do tell.

00:25:56.411 --> 00:26:00.818
They used two dowels tied together with string.

00:26:00.818 --> 00:26:07.500
Okay, okay, pulling it taut, they would use that as a level.

00:26:07.500 --> 00:26:13.393
Then a third dowel in the same size would be used as a guide along the top string.

00:26:13.393 --> 00:26:38.603
Okay, if the dowel was above the string, they would mark that spot of the stone with a pigment called red ochre, and the builders would find that mark and use a flint scraper to scrape away the high point and and the red ochre would get scraped off with it right, really yeah wow they're on little level they're on the level here they are.

00:26:39.644 --> 00:26:47.278
So across the now there was even better limestone, and the egyptians used this limestone as a type of smooth coating on the pyramids which you mentioned.

00:26:47.278 --> 00:26:53.196
Yeah, so back in that time it looked white, correct, it was almost blinding in the sunlight.

00:26:53.196 --> 00:27:04.232
Yeah, so these facing stones, sadly, have been taken to build mosques and castles in cairo yeah, it was basically like it was pillaged and used for other things.

00:27:04.272 --> 00:27:09.143
Yeah, pretty much but a few remnants still remain at one of, like the peak of the pyramids.

00:27:09.143 --> 00:27:19.375
Okay, so they would finish from the top of the pyramid down and then the ramps would be like dismantled as the work was completed, as you had mentioned yep.

00:27:19.375 --> 00:27:32.992
So with the help of a contractor, craig smith, who has operated and overseen vast amounts of construction sites, he estimated how much money it would take to build the pyramid.

00:27:32.992 --> 00:27:40.451
Oh geez, four billion dollars and four years they could do it in four years.

00:27:41.352 --> 00:27:46.077
Wow four, no, no, now that's what I'm saying.

00:27:47.419 --> 00:27:52.144
So if we could build it now, it would take $4 billion in four years.

00:27:52.545 --> 00:27:55.537
That's what I'm saying, though I'm surprised it's still that quick today.

00:27:55.537 --> 00:27:56.660
Yeah, I mean.

00:27:56.809 --> 00:27:57.731
The Egyptians.

00:27:57.731 --> 00:28:01.961
It took them 23 years to build the Great Pyramid.

00:28:01.961 --> 00:28:03.163
That's insane.

00:28:03.309 --> 00:28:05.638
That's way quicker than I thought.

00:28:05.849 --> 00:28:07.557
And then they had 18 of them to boot.

00:28:08.069 --> 00:28:10.869
Well over 500 years so listen to this.

00:28:10.910 --> 00:28:12.693
That would equate to placing a block.

00:28:12.773 --> 00:28:20.738
Placing a block every two minutes and this is for the four year time frame, or for them, for them, okay it would be.

00:28:20.999 --> 00:28:30.423
it would take place in a block every two minutes, 270 blocks every single day for 23 years Holy crap.

00:28:30.423 --> 00:28:33.137
And then we're going to build another 17.

00:28:34.510 --> 00:28:34.771
Yeah.

00:28:34.771 --> 00:28:38.938
So do you think they placed the last block and the guys are like, ah, look at that, good work.

00:28:39.613 --> 00:28:41.604
And then the boss comes up, the next pharaoh's like.

00:28:41.604 --> 00:28:42.953
All right, the pharaoh comes up.

00:28:42.993 --> 00:28:45.998
looks good guys, we're going to put another one right over there.

00:28:46.190 --> 00:28:47.557
And they're like motherfucker.

00:28:47.557 --> 00:28:49.938
Well, that brings me to the workers.

00:28:49.938 --> 00:28:55.462
So a lot of legends claim that it was slaves that built the pyramids.

00:28:55.609 --> 00:28:56.575
I've seen the Ten Commandments.

00:28:56.575 --> 00:28:56.875
I know.

00:28:57.369 --> 00:28:58.695
But they were wrong.

00:28:59.089 --> 00:29:01.759
Yeah, that's actually another thing I've seen recently too.

00:29:02.891 --> 00:29:08.563
So it was thought that the pharaoh would never have forced his own people to build year after year.

00:29:08.563 --> 00:29:13.714
Thought that the pharaoh would never have forced his own people to build year after year.

00:29:13.714 --> 00:29:16.118
Right, and instead, potentially, israelites were used as slave slave labor.

00:29:16.118 --> 00:29:29.748
However, egyptologist dr zahi hawass discovered tombs of the builders located just in the shadows of the pyramids in 1990.

00:29:29.748 --> 00:29:30.650
Oh wow, really.

00:29:30.650 --> 00:29:32.576
There was like this little lost city.

00:29:33.417 --> 00:29:33.940
Of tombs.

00:29:33.940 --> 00:29:38.900
Yeah, I'm sure people died all the time working on these.

00:29:39.770 --> 00:29:42.861
If they were slaves, they wouldn't be buried near the pyramid oh God no.

00:29:42.861 --> 00:29:46.019
And their chambers wouldn't be ornate, which these were.

00:29:46.019 --> 00:29:49.599
So it was considered to be an honor to be buried there.

00:29:49.599 --> 00:29:51.637
So they knew they were not slaves.

00:29:51.990 --> 00:29:57.415
Did it describe how they were ornate, like what they included, or was it just like?

00:29:58.151 --> 00:30:01.640
It was more like carvings on the door frames and that kind of thing.

00:30:01.640 --> 00:30:02.701
Sure, that makes sense.

00:30:02.701 --> 00:30:08.342
So with the help of forensics, the builders in these tombs were examined.

00:30:08.342 --> 00:30:13.537
From the bones bones they could see that they actually had medical treatment oh, wow they had.

00:30:13.537 --> 00:30:19.233
Their bones had like been settled like um set.

00:30:19.314 --> 00:30:20.758
Yes, after a break or something.

00:30:20.798 --> 00:30:25.529
Yes, not settled, but, yes, setting um, and one even had brain surgery.

00:30:25.529 --> 00:30:27.075
Oh really yeah.

00:30:27.075 --> 00:30:31.049
And they and they know that slaves would never have this kind of treatment.

00:30:31.411 --> 00:30:34.380
No, they would have let them die because they were replaceable.

00:30:36.290 --> 00:30:42.784
So near these tombs they excavated a new site, which was the discovery of the builder's town.

00:30:42.784 --> 00:30:53.857
The builders received generous amounts of food, fish, meat and even beer, huzzah and they were considered very important.

00:30:53.857 --> 00:30:57.135
So let's cheers to that Cheers to the workers.

00:30:57.135 --> 00:30:58.355
What happened to your other beer?

00:30:58.355 --> 00:30:59.913
He's on a line in Kugel now.

00:31:00.513 --> 00:31:01.175
I finished it.

00:31:01.276 --> 00:31:02.417
Oh shit, I'm talking too much.

00:31:03.140 --> 00:31:03.421
I know.

00:31:04.603 --> 00:31:10.337
Okay, so they were considered like middle management.

00:31:10.337 --> 00:31:12.603
Um, but even they had what?

00:31:12.603 --> 00:31:21.290
No, sorry, I'm like the middle management of of the builders, so like they still had their tiers of management quote unquote.

00:31:21.290 --> 00:31:25.256
Yeah, do you think they micromanaged back then those?

00:31:25.256 --> 00:31:27.358
They were treated even better.

00:31:27.358 --> 00:31:35.998
They had tons of fresh meats apparently so they were also unskilled workers um that sounds terrible.

00:31:37.299 --> 00:31:39.263
Do you got any of those unskilled workers I can have.

00:31:40.451 --> 00:31:51.564
They're not very good, that's all right so, um, many of them were, um, as working as military service, oh okay, who were meant to build rather than fight gotcha?

00:31:51.564 --> 00:31:59.327
So the biggest theory of why they built the pyramids was to entomb the pharaohs, which is wrong.

00:31:59.327 --> 00:32:07.492
However, no pharaoh has ever been discovered and not a single mummy has ever been found in a burial chamber, correct?

00:32:08.516 --> 00:32:39.074
that's like, and it's funny because like they call it the king's chamber and I think, there's also a queen's chamber if I'm not mistaken but nothing was found in that I mean, there has even been literature and hieroglyphics that claim that it was a burial ground for the king, but they've never found anything but they're, they're the, if I remember right, the pyramids are like pretty devoid of like like you go to um valley of the kings where, like, king tut was buried and you found, you know, his tomb and stuff.

00:32:39.074 --> 00:32:42.942
There's shit all on the walls and so on, whatever.

00:32:42.942 --> 00:32:47.156
There's like nothing inside the pyramids, not like that, at least.

00:32:47.176 --> 00:33:04.464
So so in 1879, there was a workman that was traveling, walking along the pyramids, and he followed a jackal into a hole, oh, near the pyramid of sakara.

00:33:04.464 --> 00:33:10.442
Okay, upon entering, he found a chamber where, where the walls were covered with hieroglyphs.

00:33:10.442 --> 00:33:15.569
This is actually going to be considered the oldest religious text in egypt.

00:33:15.569 --> 00:33:24.915
Ok, so these writings did not tell us how the pyramids were made, but why they were made ok and they were meant to turn men into gods.

00:33:25.917 --> 00:33:29.064

They’re on the Level

The Egyptian Pyramid

Probing Question: How were the Egyptian pyramids built?

Egypt discovers workers' tombs near pyramids

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